The makeup developed over the last half a century emphasises classical images of feminine beauty.Odissi makeup and  ornaments                                                    Odissi dance, like the other classical genres of India, gives great importance to the costume, ornamentation and makeup used in the performance.  The woven sari used for a costume can be from any of the many wonderful traditions of the state, in particular those from Sambalpur, Berhampur, and Cuttack.  When Odissi began to be presented upon the stage, the sari was first wrapped as a dhoti to form a divided "pajama," with the decorative end design of the sari, or pallu, spread in front. In this costume design, the blouse is made from the same sari material as is the cloth draping the front of the dancer.  

The Odissi dancer wears shola pith flowers around her hair bun and it is topped with a tiara of shola pith flowers representing the spire of Jagannath temple.  Shola pith, for those not from eastern India, may be best known for the British Colonial pith helmets.  Abhinaya Chandrika, plastic fork the Sanskrit text specifically on Oriya dance, gives a great deal of detail on the makeup, costume and ornaments of the dancer.  The red bindi or kumkum on the forehead is surrounded by white painted designs representing the sun and moon, or a flower.  It specifies a brightly colored nine-yard sari, generally in red or green made of indigenous silk, a brightly colored, bejeweled Kanchula or tight fitting blouse.  A fabric is fastened around the hips from behind which define the hipline.  The belt or mekhala draped from the waist is usually made with secular silver disks strung together in three lines.workshop@gmail.  Many of the ornaments described in the Abhinaya Chandrika continue to be used in the dance as well as in daily life. Those round topped hats with a small sunshade brim were lined with pith to protect the wearer from heatstroke.com

 They have done for the average reader in the West where the book has already received glowing reviews as the last word on Sri Lanka, never mind that many Indians and Sri Lankans themselves are likelier to smirk and click their tongues.  Gimlet however, prefers to ‘learn’ about today’s Sri Lanka from yesterday’s foreign ‘experts’: former BBC journalist Harrison and former UN spokesman Weiss, two of the most controversial foreign writers on Sri Lanka who are widely distrusted by Sinhalese and Tamils alike. Gimlette also dreams of ‘chestnut groves’ in Colombo (chestnuts don’t grow anywhere in South Asia except temperate Kashmir),  tells us that mulligatawny soup (an Anglo-Indian invention that has little to do with Sri Lanka other than on restaurant menus) is sold by vendors on Colombo’s Galle Face Greens, that Sri Lankans call their thugs ‘goondas’ (a Hindi word) and that a suicide bomber blew up the ‘Indian president’. (of course he doesn’t know that Muslims can be Tamils and vice-versa for a variety of historical reasons).. Finally and inevitably (since western nations see themselves as the authors, practitioners and bedrocks of the best and purest form of democracy), Gimlette calls the emergence of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka from its former British colonial avatar, as a ‘sure sign of liberty in trouble’.  

Much can be criticised about the slowness in finding a political solution for the Tamils of the formerly embattled North and East, but for six years now, Sri Lanka has unquestionably been on a positive, upward graph.All South Asians know that for all their tremendous achievements and hard-won successes, members of the South Asian Diaspora in western countries simply cannot — and often will not — paint an accurate picture of ground realities in the countries of their origin. "I had a view of the horizon and an endless trickle of ships. By night there was a  plastic cutlery  Manufacturers whole archipelago of lights, constantly changing shape and colour.  His descriptive passages of Kandy and of a pilgrimage to a Skanda shrine in Kataragama, where Sri Lankan Buddhists and Hindus flock to pray, contain languorous, silky passages of prose dotted by the deadpan humour that most British writers are gifted with."Stalls had appeared at the roadside, selling watermelons, bananas and bundles of firewood.  Putting those facts together, any reader would naturally expect  Elephant Complex to be replete with finely-crafted adventure stories including some on one of the nation’s best-loved symbols: its elephant population. The country is located at the most strategic crossroads of shipping lanes through which ply oil tankers between South East Asia and the Gulf and onwards to the West. Not exactly desirable developments for the UK, the US or NATO. Gimlette takes the Sri Lankan army’s hospitality, but ungratefully refers to them as the ‘heavies’, or, the ‘goons who sped us around’.  Gimlette himself makes that admission: "The civil war in Sri Lanka may be over, but here, in Tooting, it’s never quite gone away".  "I was warned before going to Sri Lanka that when I left I would know the country less well than when I arrived," says Weiss. A huge fish appeared in the door, demanding a buyer

But by the time it wraps up around midnight, just a solitary audience member and a street dog remain.Mangkorn Supongpan, 62, whose parents founded Lau San Chia Soon, says there are now fewer than 20 mobile groups like his travelling across Thailand."Some of the older Thai-Chinese people passed away and the new generations don’t really continue the tradition. Performers raise their  Wholesale Plastic Trays Supplierschildren, eat and sleep beneath the stage, packing it up and all their belongings every few days to move to a new venue.

With Chinese New Year kicking off next week, the nomadic "Lau San Chia Soon" troupe, who pitch their stage wherever they are invited, are expecting a particularly busy few days.But this eye-catching form of musical theatre is struggling as younger generations of Thais look for entertainment elsewhere, something performers desperately want to change.But the number of Thais of Chinese descent who understand the ‘Teochew’ dialect used by this group of singers is dwindling. "There are not many people watching Chinese operas now," he tells AFP behind a hastily erected temporary stage."About 14 per cent of the Thai population is ethnic Chinese following centuries of immigration and assimilation.There was a time when nomadic Chinese opera troupes like this were a common feature of the Thai landscape, travelling from village to village bringing the entertaining sights and sounds of a tradition that dates back centuries. By morning, the stage will be gone and they’ll be off to the next village. Many more have Chinese roots among their forebears.Few will see riches either.The troupe aren’t bothered though.Most communities that invite operas to perform do it more as a way to honour ancestors than to entertain the masses.Thai performers caked in make-up belt out the piercing notes of Chinese opera an art form under threat by changing cultural habits and demographics in a kingdom reshaped by centuries of immigration fr     Chinese opera artistes get ready backstage ahead of a performance in a village in Nakhon Pathom province, west of Bangkok, Thail           Thai performers caked in make-up belt out the piercing notes of Chinese opera an art form under threat by changing cultural habits and demographics in a kingdom reshaped by centuries of immigration from the north."It’s a hard life because we barely go back home, we perform all year long, non-stop," he says."The history of Chinese opera is getting forgotten and is vanishing as new generations don’t really know much about it," 25-year-old Natnicha Saeung, who began performing with this troupe at the age of 13, tells AFP from a recent performance in Nakhon Pathom, a province to the west of Bangkok.But some among the largely elderly crowd watching the troupe’s performance that night hope younger generations might be inspired to give Chinese opera a try.At the start of the show shortly after dusk, dozens sit on plastic chairs watching the drama unfold."But watching Chinese opera is like watching movies and soap operas, it’s good fun especially when you pay attention to it," he adds, somewhat admonishingly.       Her colleague Chukiat Thippan, 23, agrees.He admits it’s hard to attract people to the lifestyle."People now stay home and watch TV," says Prasit Puthiprapa, a sprightly 81-year-old. The average monthly wage for a performer is between 10-20,000 baht ($280-$560) depending on their role

But its characteristics get changed as it passes through layers of soil. Additionally, ground water level is just below the surface which further increases risk factor due to "liquefaction". "During any earthquake, the tremor starts from an epicentre which lies kilometres away from the surface.5 magnitude," he said. However, other than JNPT, all other centres were found safe as most of them are located on  plastic bowl  Suppliers solid, hard soil, which would control the tremor.  

The ground feature of the port has made it most vulnerable to an earthquake of even small magnitude.Research investigated seismic ground effect at four sites including JNPT, Mumbai Port, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) and Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS)."When The Asian Age contacted Anil Diggikar, chairman of the port, he first agreed to speak over the phone; however, when asked if he was aware of the situation, he disconnected the call."He highlighted the need to implement  a region-specific study to survive during earthquakes and said "We can’t follow generalised techniques as the soil in India is diversified.Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNP) is not only the busiest port in India, it is also the most susceptible to higher seismic hazard in Mumbai. This has been revealed by research conducted by civil engineering experts from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (IIT-B). Moreover, the ground water level of the area is just below the surface of the port, which further increases the risk of adverse effects during any earthquake, said the research paper. Later, despite repeated attempts, he didn’t reply to our calls or text messages.The man-made port is situated on soft soil which is most vulnerable to any seismic tremors. The velocity of the waves depends on the nature of the soil that it passes through. And the waves created from it travel underneath the surface. So, if a tremor hits it, unconsolidated soil loses its base and gets mixed with water due to the tremor. "In soft soil, even if the size of the tremor is small, it can get aggravated as the soil fails to restrain it. Professor Choudhury said, "Firstly, the soil of the area is soft and nearer to ground water. However, it is just the opposite in soft soils," said Deepankar Choudhury, professor, department of civil engineering, IIT-B, who supervised the research. So, if an earthquake of 4 magnitude hits the city, the port can get an impact of 6. However, its implementation in India is still limited and that’s why the mortality rate in India is higher. Research revealed that the JNPT site shows highly plastic and compressible soft marine clay up to a depth of 13 to 15 metres. In cases of rigid or hard soil, the impact of the waves lessens.                     A file photo of Jawaharlal Nehru Port        Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNP) is not only the busiest port in India, it is also the most susceptible to higher seismic hazard in Mumbai.  The soil starts acting like semi-liquid and the surface loses weight, leading to the collapse of the construction on it

"The Oyster is a plastic smartcard which can be used for pay-as-you-travel fares as well as for pre-paid passes."We’re experiencing technical issues with our Oyster Card readers this morning where customers are unable to touch in or out," the firm tweeted.    has confirmed that the problem has now been resolved.The card can be used to travel on bus, Tube, tram, Docklands Light Railway, London Overground, TfL Rail and most National Rail services in London. In the meantime, customers can continue to travel across the Tube, bus and rail networks."We’re working on a fix and customers are being allowed to travel across Tube/Bus/Rail networks.The Oyster touch-in and touch-out card readers, which are used across the underground Tube, buses and trams of London, failed to activate — forcing station staff to keep the ticket barriers open for everyone. Public transport in London is normally only free for a brief period overnight on New Year’s Eve, when fares are waived to allow party-goers to get home. We apologise for this disruption.Thousands of commuters in the British capital on Saturday enjoyed unexpected free travel on the city’s transport network, including buses, trains and the underground Tube, after a technical glitch res       Thousands of commuters in the British capital on Saturday enjoyed unexpected free travel on  China cosmetic organizer  Suppliers the city’s transport network, including buses, trains and the underground Tube, after a technical glitch resulted in a collapse of its ticketing system.It is expected to have caused Transport for London (TfL) thousands of pounds in losses